Тести з англійської мови. Конверсія структур

Тести з англійської мови. Конверсія структур 

Навчальний посібник "Тести з англійської мови. Конверсія структур" є збірником вправ для закріплення навичок вживання в мовленні найпоширеніших структур англійської мови. У пропонованій книзі використовується вживання парафразу або трансформації вихідних структур у нові структури за збереження їх значень. Короткі пояснення до вправ із прикладами допоможуть краще зрозуміти матеріал і запам'ятати використовувані структури.

Навчальний посібник "Тести з англійської мови. Конверсія структур" призначене для осіб, які вивчають англійську мову, але мають базову підготовку середнього та просунутого рівня, а також викладачам.

INTRODUCTION

AIM OF THE BOOK

The aim of TESTS IN ENGLISH: STRUCTURAL CONVERSION is to give for students of English material to consolidate, expand, and refresh their knowledge of English structures.

The main usefulness of structural conversion is to show that it is possible to say the same thing in - sometimes many - different ways.

TESTS AS TEACHING MATERIAL

Both testing and teaching are so closely interrelated that it is virtually impossible to work in either field without being constantly concerned with the other. Tests may be constructed primarily as devices to reinforce learning and to motivate the student. They may develop and increase the student's awareness, as well as his stock, of English struc­tures. A well-constructed test will provide the student with an opportunity to show his ability to recognise or to produce the correct forms of the language. Provided that details of his performance are given as soon as possible after the test, the student should be able to learn from his errors and consolidate the pattern taught. In this way a test can be used as a valuable teaching device. (J. B. Heaton, Writing English Language Tests. A Practical Guide for Teachers of English as a Second or Foreign Language. Longman, 1976, pp. 1-2)

LEVEL AND THE CHOICE OF STRUCTURES

The book is intended for intermediate and advanced students, who have already gained the confidence to speak, write, read and listen to a lot of English; they only lack struc­tures. It will, it is hoped, also be useful to teachers of English, if only as a source of test material.

In the choice of the structures tested, A. S. Hornby's Guide to Patterns and Usage in English and the Cambridge University First Certificate and Proficiency Examinations pa­pers were consulted.